Chemistry Formula Sheet: Stoichiometry, Gas Laws & pH
All essential General and AP/University Chemistry equations for stoichiometry, ideal gases, acid-base buffers, thermodynamics, and electrochemistry.
High-Yield Formulas
When to use: Converting grams to moles, finding solution concentration, and lab dilutions.
When to use: Relating pressure, volume, moles, and temperature of a gas.
When to use: Strong acid/base pH calculations and hydronium concentration.
When to use: Finding the pH of a weak acid/conjugate base buffer solution.
When to use: Predicting whether a reaction is thermodynamically favorable (ΔG < 0).
When to use: Radioactive decay and first-order reaction rate problems.
Practice These Formulas
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Frequently Asked Questions
Why do students lose points on ΔG = ΔH - TΔS questions?
90% of errors come from unit mismatch: ΔH is reported in kilojoules (kJ/mol) while ΔS is reported in joules (J/mol·K). Divide ΔS by 1,000 before multiplying by temperature in Kelvin.